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In today highly competitive and changing business environment, systematic analysis of performance of the organization for determining the rate of success, detecting the deviations and their causes and exploring new ideas or finding the modification solutions, has been the principal concern of managers and organizations. The evaluation of the financial efficiency and using the financial indicators are one of the most common approaches in this way. Given the importance and urgency of this issue, in this study financial efficiency of the pharmaceutical companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange that are working in the field of production of pharmaceutical products has been assessed and evaluated. Therefore, and in order to overcome limitations of financial ratios in this study to assess the financial efficiency of statistical sample of firms through using financial ratios, has been used the integrated approach of Data Envelopment Analysis and Balanced Scorecard (DEA-BSC).

Based on this approach and to overcome the challenges in selecting optimum combination of financial ratios, the Balanced Scorecard approach has been applied. For this purpose, the four key perspectives (financial, stakeholders, processes and growth) are considered as the basis for an explanation of the proposed financial ratios. In order to choose the right financial ratios, a panel of industry experts (experts in the field of financial and pharmaceutical fields) formed and through monitoring their specialized comments, in each perspective three ratios were selected as an indicator of financial performance measurement and then were weighted. This process will cause the appropriate influence of each indicator according to its importance in the statistical sample companies. In addition, the suitable type of data envelopment analysis approach that is consistent with the nature of the study have been selected and used. Finally, by doing the mathematical calculations and solving the relevant equations through using the operations research software (GAMS), the financial performance of each company of the statistical sample of the research was estimated and according to this basis the companies were ranked

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Deviations in the implementation of logistic processes can lead to poor performance and loss of market share. Thus in first step of this study, trying with implement the process failure mode and effects analysis (PFMEA) in manufacturing organization active in the automotive parts industry, potential logistic risks will be identified. Since, these risks occurring in the future and they are checked based on some predictions by team of experts; three criteria of risk namely the severity, occurrence and detection considered in conditions of uncertainty and scoring to them be considered like interval; so that it is steadier against the commenting of different people. Accordingly, prioritization of logistics risks by using the score coming out of interval data envelopment analysis without-outputs based on three main criteria determining risk priority number which play the role of the inputs of mentioned method are done. Then, prioritization of logistical processes in terms of their criticality, by using the score coming out of grey relational analysis method based on three interval criteria and finally, solutions to reduce the impact of potential risks in critical processes is provided.

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The right choice of research projects is one of the most important effective ways to increase the productivity of research projects and allocate the resources appropriately. Training and education is one of the most important institutions for educating the students and prosperous people of the country. Due to the limited resources of this organization and, on the other hand, the expansion of scrupulous plans, prioritizing research projects is essential. Data coverage is one of the most important nonparametric tools for evaluating the performance of decision-making units. In this method, we evaluate the performance of the units by calculating the relative efficiency of the units. Also, due to the uncertainty of the data, the values ​​of the indices of research projects, by using the fuzzy data envelopment analysis, we prioritize the research projects. By reviewing the literature and research background, prioritizing research designs based on cost, time, risk, project quality and performance criteria in upgrading the country's macro level, which was categorized in two groups of data and outputs, respectively. The numerical and verbal values ​​of the indicators of the designs have been gathered by agreement with the experts. The results of the research indicate that the project "Reviewing the characteristics of the pay-as-you-go system and evaluating it based on the competency and competency benchmark and model presentation" is among the top priorities and should be considered more than other plans.